Africans who were abducted were brought to a land taken from Native Americans and had their work exploited for 400 years, leading to the country becoming the wealthiest in the world. African Americans are the originators of all forms of American dance. Although European dances like the Tango and Waltz gained popularity in the United States, they are not truly American. Chuck Berry is possibly the most plagiarized artist in music history.
Some of the songs that were copied from this blues legend include The Beatles’ “Come Together,” The Beach Boys’ “Surfin’ USA,” and many others. While distinct from cultural appropriation, this selection of songs exemplifies how American culture has not only absorbed the essence of black culture, but also illustrates how white America distorts laws, revises history, and manipulates white supremacy into a deceptive narrative that portrays black individuals as the thieves, while portraying white people as the epitome of greatness.
The Patent Act of 1793 and 1836 barred enslaved Africans from obtaining patents because they were not considered citizens.
In 1861, Jefferson Davis, president of the Confederate States of America, enacted a patent law that allowed slaveholders to apply for patents on inventions created by their enslaved Africans. This law formalized the ownership of slave inventions by their masters, stating that if the original inventor was a slave, the owner of the slave would have all the rights to which a patentee is entitled by law. This situation can be compared to how record labels and sports teams often take the majority of profits while allowing Black celebrities and players to earn a smaller share for themselves.
In 1870, the U.S. government passed a patent law granting all American men, including Black men, the rights to their inventions. In the Black Panther comics, Wakanda is depicted as the only African nation never colonized by European imperialists. Unlike other African nations, Wakanda avoided the brutality and destruction of European colonial rule, which devastated major cities, monetary systems, libraries, paved streets, royal families, and connections to neighboring African communities. African dynasties, kingdoms, and states were sophisticated and advanced, contrary to the primitive tribal image often portrayed by Europe. Colonizers historically funded wars or terrorism in African and other nations to gain leverage to steal resources or get resources at little cost by claiming to be willing to protect the nation from the terrorists they funded in the first place! Two examples of this in modern times are Osama bin Laden's Al Qaeda (Funded by the USA) and Boko Haram funded by Arabs through Nigerian, Ivory Coast and European networks.The knowledge of the ancients in these regions is coveted by Climate scientists Sophisticated climate models were paired with evidence from the archaeological record to reveal where ancient humans may have lived and evolved
Homo heidelbergensis lived in regions that overlapped with Neanderthals in Europe and Homo sapiens in Africa, according to climate modeling results. Hundreds of thousands of years ago, our ancestors had an intimate relationship with their environment, which shaped where and how they lived. When the climate changed—when rivers ran dry or local grasslands and herds dwindled—ancient humans had to adapt. Bones, stone tools, and other artifacts reveal what hominins looked like and how they behaved over time. However, discovering tangible evidence of the habitats these humans called home is challenging, especially since changing climates have dramatically altered these environments many times over.
: [Smithsonian](https://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/how-did-climate-change-affect-ancient-humans-180979908/)
: [Science News](https://www.sciencenews.org/article/climate-change-human-evolution-habitat-migration)
Over the last 25 years scientists exploring human origins have become increasingly interested in the ways that changing climate and variable ecological conditions, like droughts and freezing temperatures, helped to guide evolution. The idea is that the need to survive in variable environments would favor humans with genetic changes that made them more adaptable and better able to survive in a wide range of conditions.
Climate records can be teased out of ice cores or ocean sediments, but such evidence is especially lacking at the fossil sites where scientists have found hard evidence of stages on our evolutionary journey. Luckily in Africa, quite a few terrestrial records exist that stretch back more than two million years. Two genetic sequencing studies published in different science journals found the family trees of Europe’s earliest known modern humans, appeared 45,000 years ago from three migration sources this TRIO is where the concept of TRI-BES comes from!
The modern European gene pool was formed when three ancient populations mixed within the last 7,000 years, Nature journal reports.
Earth’s elliptical orbit around the sun changes its shape slightly on periods of 100,000 and 400,000 years known as the Milankovitch cycles. This, along with periodic wobbles of the Earth on its axis, cause the levels of solar radiation we receive to wax and wane, and the planet to go through periods of natural climate change. These shifts occur on far longer time scales than today's climate change, in which human activity plays a major role, but over time ice ages and warm eras dramatically altered habitats around the world according the machinations of the astronomical clock.
The climate model simulation shed light on the key conditions that humans would have needed to thrive, like rainfall, temperature and vegetation levels. The model’s results were cross checked against existing paleoclimate data from key selected sites—ice cores, ocean sediment and cave deposits like stalagmites—and found to match them well, vouching for its accuracy.
The authors suggest that South African populations of H. heidelbergensis experienced two periods (360,000 to 415,000 years ago and 310,000 to 340,000 years ago) of greatly reduced habitat suitability. The return of high-value habitats from 200,000 to 310,000 years ago corresponds with the disappearance of this species and the emergence of the Original African Homo sapiens. Evidence for this transition theory includes increasingly modern skulls like Kabwe 1 (300,000 years old), Florisbad (260,000 years old), and Hereto (170,000 years old).
Blue-eyed, black- and brown-skinned hunters mingled with brown-eyed, swarthy-skinned farmers as the latter swept into Europe from the Near East. Another population from the Altai region of Siberia, descendants of Denisovans and Neanderthals, also contributed to the genetic landscape of the continent. Traits such as red hair, white skin, freckles, straight hair, aquiline noses, and green eyes come from this group. These findings are based on the analysis of genomes from nine ancient Europeans. Agriculture originated in Africa East before expanding into the Near East and Europe around 7,500 years ago.
A similar convergence of suitable habitats in Europe supports the hypothesis of a species transition between modern Africans and Neanderthals around 400,000 years ago. The computed habitats of three human species show overlap, indicating species succession. H. sapiens in Africa and Neanderthals in Europe may have evolved into modern Eurasians. This model’s habitat interpretations align with fossil, archaeological, and genomic records, suggesting high accuracy. It raises the question of its potential as a predictive tool for novel hypotheses about human evolutionary history over the past two million years.
The study also wasn’t designed to provide insights on exactly how the changing environmental conditions it models actually influenced processes of human dispersal and speciation.
those ecosystems are, for example by studying evolutionary changes that might be seen in other fauna. If changes in precipitation, temperature and plant production impacted humans they would have also have had evolutionary impacts on large mammal species, for example, whose bones are plentiful at many hominin fossil sites. Exploring these wider ecosystem impacts is one example of how the hypotheses in the climate model might be further tested, and perhaps reveal new ideas.
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